深海地震资料叠前去噪方法研究     

陈见伟 《海洋地质译丛》2008,(2):29-35

以琼东南深海三维地震资料为例，全面分析深海地震资料特点，深入分析深海干扰波的类型和特点。针对不同类型的干扰波，采用不同的处理方法，开展针对深海地震资料叠前去噪处理技术研究。通过研究深海地震多次波压制、水鸟干扰压制、涌浪干扰和异常振幅压制等处理方法，总结出针对深海地震资料的叠前去噪技术，为今后的深海地震资料处理工作奠定了技术基础。  相似文献   

Urban parks as shared spaces? The utility of alert distances as indicators of avian tolerance of humans in Stirling, Scotland   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Michael O'Neal Campbell 《Area》2006,38(3):301-311

Urban avian foraging is strongly affected by approaching people. Avian alert distances, the instant of a bird's appraisal of human intrusion, have not been studied in a comparative mode for passerines, despite their prominent ecological importance in parks. Alert distances for 13 passerines were examined in parks in Stirling, Scotland, using an innovative approach emphasizing human behaviour and periods between alert and flight distances, termed alert periods. Larger species were less tolerant of humans, although attracted to human wastes. Alert distances also varied according to vegetation variation. Park design may use alert distances to plan vegetation layout as well as reduce disturbing human behaviour.  相似文献   

Re-evaluating the use of beached bird oiling rates to assess long-term trends in chronic oil pollution     

Wilhelm SI  Robertson GJ  Ryan PC  Tobin SF  Elliot RD 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(2):249-255

The oiling rate (oiled birds/total birds) has become the international standard to analyze beached bird survey data. However, this index may not reliably track long-term changes in marine oil pollution in regions where other activities that kill seabirds vulnerable to oil, such as hunting and gill-netting, are also changing. We compare the oiling rate from beached bird surveys conducted in southeastern Newfoundland between 1984 and 2006 to an alternative approach, namely trends derived from a model examining the linear density of oiled birds (birds/km). In winter, there was no change in the oiling rate since 1984, while in summer oiling rates significantly increased. In contrast, the number of oiled birds/km showed a significant decline in both winter and summer. The discrepancy in these trends was attributed to steep declines in the number of unoiled birds found in both seasons. In winter, the decline in unoiled birds/km was related to a reduction in the legal murre hunt and less onshore winds, while in summer a reduced cod fishery resulting in fewer murres drowning in nets and warming summers may have lead to the decline. The significant declines in oiled birds/km over the past three decades are hopefully an indication of less oil being present in the marine environment. Although oiled bird densities since 2000 have remained relatively low for the region (winter: 0.58 birds/km, summer: 0.27 birds/km), they still exceed densities reported elsewhere in the world.  相似文献   

AVIAN NESTING HABITS AND VEGETATION STRUCTURE     

Kathleen C. Parker 《The Professional geographer》1987,39(1):47-58

Discriminant analysis is used to identify relationships between vegetation structure and nesting behavior in 78 breeding bird communities in North America. Results indicated that bird communities associated with structurally similar vegetation exhibited similar arrays of nesting habits despite their geographical separation. Tree-cavity, intermediate-cup, and high-cup nesters dominated forests and woodlands; ground-cup and ground-scrape nesters dominated grasslands; and low-cup nesters dominated desert, scrub, and some woodland sites. These functional relationships are distinct from previously reported continental scale relationships between avian feeding habits and gross vegetation structure. Links between nesting behavior and vegetation structure provide us, as geographers, with a means for placing birds into a physical landscape perspective.  相似文献   

Trends in chronic marine oil pollution in Danish waters assessed using 22 years of beached bird surveys     

Larsen JL  Durinck J  Skov H 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(9):1333-1340

Beached bird surveys provide an important tool for monitoring the level of oil pollution at sea, which is the most significant observable cause of death for a large number of waterbird species and pose a serious threat to wintering seabird populations. Linear regression analyses of oil rates from the Danish 22 year dataset show a decline in the oil pollution level in offshore areas of the eastern North Sea and Skagerrak and in near-shore parts of the Kattegat; but a worsening in the offshore areas of the Kattegat. These results raise concern for species such as common scoter, velvet scoter, eider and razorbill, for which the Kattegat serves as a globally important wintering area. It is recommended that surveillance for oil spills is intensified in inner Danish waters, and that action is taken to make responses towards offenders faster, and penalties for oil seepage higher.  相似文献   

辽西含鸟化石层同位素年龄讨论——来自磁性地层的证据     

孙知明杨振宇  赵越杨天水  裴军令许坤 《地质通报》2002,21(1):41-44

通过对辽西及邻区白垩纪不同剖面的磁性地层资料的综合分析,对比国际中生代地磁极性年表,指出义县组含鸟化石层的地质时代至少应老于M13正极性时(129.6Ma)所对应的地质年代,介于131.71～142.27Ma之间。综合研究表明,Swisher等通过沉凝灰岩中透长石Ar-Ar法测定的义县组含鸟化石层的同位素年龄(124.6±0.2)Ma值得商榷。  相似文献   

海鸟活动在东南极中山站区莫愁湖沉积物中的记录   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

刘晓东  孙立广  谢周清  朱仁斌  尹雪斌  赵三平 《极地研究》2004,16(4):295-309

本文对采自东南极拉斯曼丘陵中山站区的莫愁湖沉积物的元素、氨基酸和Sr同位素组成进行了详细的地球化学分析。结果表明莫愁湖沉积物中Zn、Cu、F、S、P、Se等六种元素具有共同的物质来源,其标型组合特征很可能揭示了莫愁湖沉积物在历史时期曾受到过企鹅等海鸟粪的影响,沉积物中酸溶相Sr同位素组成则确认了海洋源Sr的生物地球化学转移过程。酸溶相87Sr/86Sr值和研究区的新鲜海鸟粪酸溶相Sr同位素组成基本一致,都非常接近于海洋来源锶同位素组成(87Sr/86Sr=0.7092),并且沉积物中的生物元素Zn、Cu、F、S、P、Se含量和酸溶相Sr浓度具有非常高的统计相关性。酸溶相的87Sr/86Sr比值和反映湖泊中藻类等生物自然生成量的氨基酸含量表现出明显的负相关关系,进一步揭示了莫愁湖沉积物在历史时期曾受到企鹅等海鸟活动的影响。上述研究结果为更深入地研究该地区的生态、气候和环境的演变历史及其相互作用提供了有价值的参考资料。  相似文献   

鸭绿江口湿地恢复对迁徙涉禽保护的影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

严梅芳  贾娜 《湿地科学与管理》2006,2(2):20-23

本文通过对鸭绿江口湿地如何开展人工湿地恢复工作,以及湿地恢复后迁徙涉禽在这一区域的数量、种类以及繁育的变化情况的调查,详细分析了湿地恢复对迁徙涉禽保护的影响,并提出鸭绿江口湿地恢复合理化建议。  相似文献   

西双版纳山地不同森林景观鸟类多样性     

王直军  ChrisCarpenter 《山地学报》1998,(3)

研究了在不同形式人类经济活动下的森林景观变化与西双版纳地区鸟类多样性的关系．同时对发展生产时的用地布局和维护森林景观的动态发展与提高人们生活质量和持续发展的关系进行了讨论．  相似文献   

Forest landecape and bird diversity in mountain region, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan     

Zhijun Wang  Carpenter Chris 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1999,9(2):172-176

The degeneration of forest landscapes is mainly caused by human impact on the natural environment, which is posing a great threat to biodiversity. We studied the relationship between forest landscapes and birds in mountain regions of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province. In Jinuo ethnic region, forest landscape is degenerating, and bird diversity is reducing as a result of human influence. However, in Hani ethnic region of Mengsong area, a comparative study area, there are also traditional practices of agriculture and forestry. The traditional practices are dynamically adaptive to local geographic environment and social economic conditions. A great deal of biodiversity exists in the place where people have lived for many generations and use the resources of environment in a sustainable manner. Considering bird diversity and forest landscape of mountainous area, both economic and ecological benefits should be taken into account, which relate to land use and landscape protection. Biodiversity conservation, resource management and policy making should pay much attention to the best interconnection of land use and landscapes protection.  相似文献